Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease marked by patches of hardened tissue in the brain or the spinal cord and associated especially with partial or complete paralysis and jerking muscle tremor. The immune system attacks the protective sheath (myelin) that covers nerve fibers and causes communication dysfunction between your brain and the rest of your body.
This lifelong condition that can sometimes cause serious disability, permanent damage or deterioration of the nerves, and has a wide range of potential symptoms, including problems with vision, arm or leg movement, sensation or balance.
Although it can develop at any age, it’s about 2 to 3 times more common in women than men and people in their 20s and 30s is most commonly diagnosed with MS. It’s also 1 of the most common causes of disability in younger adults.
Ms Symptoms
For every person, MS develops differently. It varies widely from person to person and can affect any part of the body. Depending on the type of MS you have, your symptoms may come and go in phases or get steadily worse over time (progress). The main symptoms include:
Fatigue: You may feel very tired, often times on in the afternoon and causes weak muscles, slowed thinking, or sleepiness. Some people with MS can feel tired even after a long good night’s sleep, it isn’t usually related to the amount of work you do.
Problems controlling the bladder: Bowel issues like constipation are also common. You may have to pee more often, need to go at night, or have trouble emptying your bladder in full capacity.
Difficulty walking: You’ll have a hard time keeping your balance or changes in your gait. MS can cause muscle weakness or spasms, which make it tough to walk. Balance problems, numb feet, and fatigue can also happen
Thinking problems: This means slowed thinking, poor attention, or fuzzy memory. MS doesn’t change your intellect or ability to read and understand conversation, but some people, on rare cases, it is hard to do daily tasks. It might be hard to focus from time to time.
Eye problems: such as blurred vision or dizziness
Tremors: About half of people with MS have them. Numbness or tingling in different parts of the body
Muscle spasms: Usually affect your leg muscles. Might feel mild stiffness or strong, painful spasms. Muscle stiffness or spasms are an early symptom for almost half the people with MS. They also affect people with progressive MS.
What Causes Multiple Sclerosis (MS)?
MS is an autoimmune condition. When something goes wrong with the immune system and it mistakenly attacks a healthy part of the body, meaning that messages travelling along the nerves become slowed or disrupted. There’s no exact causes why the immune system acts this way. Everything is unclear, but most experts think a combination of genetic and environmental factors is involved.
Treatments
There’s currently no cure for MS, but a number of treatments can help control the condition. It may vary and depend on the specific symptoms and difficulties you have. It may include:
- Treatment to reduce the number of relapses using medicines called disease-modifying therapies (slow or reduce the overall worsening of disability in people with a type of MS called relapsing remitting MS)
- Treating relapses with short courses of steroids to speed up recovery.
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- Specific treatments for individual MS Symptoms.
